WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF
INSULATION?
·
Fiberglass
– Fiberglass is a soft wool-like material that
is usually pink or yellow. It is used as insulation in
weatherproofing, and as textile material. Fiberglass is a glass
product, which is now favoured by most because of its
longevity and durability. It was originally used as a “safe”
substitute for asbestos. Fiberglass insulation was introduced
in the 1930’s. Fiberglass insulation is made by jetting molten
glass through tiny heated holes in a high-speed stream. The
resulting fibers are drawn very thin and to great length. The
fibers are then collected into a matte to produce fiberglass
insulation.
·
Mineral Wool
– “Mineral wool” actually refers to two
different materials: slag wool and rock wool. Slag wool is
produced primarily from iron ore blast furnace slag, an
industrial waste product. Rock wool is produced from natural
rocks. Slag wool accounts for roughly 80% of the mineral
wool industry compared with 20% for rock wool. Given the
relative use of these two materials mineral wool has, on
average, 75% post-industrial recycled content. Wool
insulation is typically a batt-type product and is made from
recycled wool fibers, which are carded and joined together
using an advanced resin bonding process. There is also a
loose-wool form available, which can be blown into ceiling
cavities.
·
Cellulose
– Cellulose is perhaps the best example of
recycled material used in insulation. Most cellulose insulation
is approximately 80% post-consumer recycled newspaper by
weight; the rest is comprised of fire retardant chemicals and,
in some products, acrylic binders. The biggest long-term
performance concern with cellulose insulation is possible loss
of fire-retardant chemicals. Because borates are water
soluble, they can leach out if the insulation gets wet.
·
Foam Insulations
– Polystyrene insulation can cause
irritation of the eyes, nose and respiratory system; headache,
fatigue, dizziness, confusion, malaise (vague feeling of
discomfort), drowsiness, weakness, unsteady gait; possible
liver injury; and reproductive effects. Many foam insulations
use recycled plastic resin such as that found in some extruded
and expanded polystyrene (EPS). Of the foam insulations,
polystyrene is easier to recycle than polyisocyanurate or
polyurethane since it can easily be melted down and reformed
into other products. The simplest recycling involves
crumbling the old EPS into small pieces and re-molding them
into usable shapes. Polystyrene used to be blown with
chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs that destroy the earth’s
protective ozone layer. Now extruded polystyrene (XPS) uses
hydrochloro-fluorocarbons (HCFCs) that are not as
dangerous but can still be detrimental to the earth’s protective
ozone layer.
Two new types of foam insulations that do not use CFCs or
HCFCs are:
·
Icynene:
Icynene is a foaming agent that uses a mixture
of carbon dioxide and water. Though it does not have
polyurethane’s HCFC-related environmental problems, it
also has a lower insulation rating (R-value). Like
polyurethane, Icynene is foamed into wall cavities but
the resultant open-cell foam is soft, not rigid.
·
Air Krete:
Air Krete™ is inorganic foam produced from
magnesium oxide (derived from sea water). It is foamed
under pressure with a microscopic cell generator and
compressed air; no CFCs or HCFCs are used.
WHAT DO I DO TO REMOVE ASBESTOS
INSULATION?
There are specialized firms that ate certified in removing
asbestos safely. You may be able to locate these firms
through your province or local health department. Do not
attempt to remove it yourself.
by
Tom Vattovaz Hamilton Region 905-572-1116
Canadian Home Inspection Services Construction Engineering Technologist, Niagara Region 905-356-1141
Registered Home Inspector, Other Areas 800-463-1141
Septic & WETT Certified